Before designated as a
national park, the original status of Alas Purwo National Park was Sanctuary of
South Banyuwangi based on the Decree of the Governor General of the Dutch East
Indies No. 6 stbl 456 dated September 1, 1939 with a total area of 62,000 ha.
Then, converted to Alas Purwo National Park with 43,420 ha wide by the Decree
of the Minister of Forestry in 1992
Alas Purwo National Park,
as mandated by Law No. 5 of 1990 on Conservation of Natural Resources and
Ecosystems has three main functions, which :
1. Protection of the
ecological life support system.
2. Preserving the
diversity of plants and animals and their ecosystems.
3. Utilization of
sustainable natural resources and ecosystems in the form of research, science,
education, support aquaculture, tourism and nature
Alas Purwo National Park
is a forest containing a wide variety of relatively intact ecosystem in Java.
Ecosystems starting at the coast (coastal forests) to lowland rain forest,
mangrove forest, bamboo forest, savannah and forest plantations
Diversity of flora in the Alas
Purwo National Park is high enough. Known that more than 700 species of plant level
of various types of trees / vegetation formations were exist here. Distinctive
and endemic plants in the Park are Sawo Kecik (Manilkara kauki). In addition, we
often found ketapan (Terminalia catapa), nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum), kepuh
(Sterculia foetida), keben (Barringtonia asiatica), and 10 species of bamboo.
Beside rich species of
flora, Alas Purwo National Park is also rich in fauna mainland, either the
class of mammals, aves and herpetofauna (reptiles and amphibians). Found 50
species of mammals in the National Park Alas Purwo. Several species of mammals
are found in the National Park is Javanese bull (Bos javanicus), deer (Cervus
timorensis), ajag (Cuon alpinus), wild boar (Sus scrofa), deer (Indian
muntjac), leopard (Panthera pardus), langur (Tracypithecus auratus),
long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis), jelarang (Ratufa bicolor), rase
(Vivericula indica), otters (Prionodon otters), civet (Paradoxurus
hermaprhoditus), mongoose (Herpestes javanicus) and bobcat (Felis bengalensis).
Also 302 species of birds.
Some species of birds are easily seen among the white-bellied sea eagle
(Haliaeetus leucogaster), snake eagles Bido (Spilornis cheela), green jungle
fowl (Galus varius), red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus), little egret (Egreta
garzeta), stuck the jungle (Cairina scutulata), rhinoceros hornbill (Buceros
rhinoceros), green peacock (Pavo muticus), crested terns (Sterna bergii) and
cekakak Java (Halcyon cyanoventris).
Herpetofauna consists of a
class of amphibians and reptiles. Until now, there was found 63 types of
herpetofauna comprising 15 species of amphibians and 48 species of reptiles.
Among the types found there are six species of reptiles are protected turtle /
gray (Lepidochelys olivacea), green turtle (Chelonia mydas), hawksbill
(Eretmochelys imbricata), leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), gray lizard
(Varanus nebulosus ) and bodo pythons (Python molurus).
There are many object
location and attractions in the park, including some unique and potentially
shore as waves suitable for surfing sports, beaches where turtle nesting, white
sandy beaches, coral reefs and lagoons teeming with migratory birds in-season
certain seasons such as Plengkung Beach, Ngagelan Beach, Pancur Beach, Bedul
Gulf, Savannah Sadengan and other exotic places.
Plengkung located in the
southern part of the Alas Purwo National Park that has been recognized by the surfer
of the world as the level of G-Land, the seven world wave wonders. G-land
designations can be interpreted, because the location of the water sport of
surfing in the Grajagan Gulf which resembles the letter G. Plengkung location
is not far from a stretch of tropical rain forest always looks green
(green-land). Plengkung including four locations in the world for surfing and
surfing can be aligned with the location in Hawaii, Australia, and South
Africa.
Society around the
national park is full and thick with the culture of "Blambangan".
They strongly believe that the National Park Alas Purwo is the last stop of the
people of Majapahit kingdom who fled away from the invasion of Mataram, and
believe that in the forest park is still stored Keris Pusaka Sumelang Gandring.
Therefore, it is not surprising that many people who do semedhi and hold
religious ceremonies in Goa Istana and Goa Padepokan. In the vicinity of the
national park entrance (Rowobendo) are relics of history in the form of
"Pura Agung" which became a Hindu ceremony that called Pagerwesi, which
held every of 210 days.
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Ardimulyo, Singosari
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